At every income level, younger workers were more likely than older workers to report having work-from-home opportunities. However, the opportunity is not uniform: there was a large difference in the number of employed men who say they were offered remote-working opportunities (61 percent) and women (52 percent). In fact, they just want more flexibility: although 58 percent of employed respondents say they can work from home at least part of the time, 65 percent of employed respondents say they would be willing to do so all the time. There’s remarkable consistency among people of different genders, ethnicities, ages, and educational and income levels: the vast majority of those who can work from home do so. Given workers’ desire for flexibility, employers may have to explore ways to offer the flexibility employees want to compete for talent effectively. This may be because not all work can be done remotely or because employers simply demand on-site work. A mere 13 percent of employed respondents say they could work remotely at least some of the time but opt not to.įorty-one percent of employed respondents don’t have the choice. Another 23 percent can work from home from one to four days a week. Thirty-five percent of respondents say they can work from home full-time. Rachel Minkin et al., “How the coronavirus outbreak has-and hasn’t-changed the way Americans work,” Pew Research Center, Decem“Telework during the COVID-19 pandemic: Estimates using the 2021 Business Response Survey,” US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Monthly Labor Review, March 2022. We did not ask about flexible work in our American Opportunity Survey in past years, but an array of other studies indicate that flexible working has grown by anywhere from a third to tenfold since 2019. After more than two years of observing remote work and predicting that flexible working would endure after the acute phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, we view these data as a confirmation that there has been a major shift in the working world and in society itself. What makes these numbers particularly notable is that respondents work in all kinds of jobs, in every part of the country and sector of the economy, including traditionally labeled “blue collar” jobs that might be expected to demand on-site labor as well as “white collar” professions.Ī remarkable 58 percent of employed respondents-which, extrapolated from the representative sample, is equivalent to 92 million people from a cross section of jobs and employment types-report having the option to work from home for all or part of the week. Thirty-five percent of respondents report having the option to work from home five days a week. We prefer the term flexible, which acknowledges that home is only one of the places where work can be accomplished and because it encompasses a variety of arrangements, whereas hybrid implies an even split between office and remote work.
Many of the survey questions asked respondents about their ability or desire to “work from home.” “Work from home” is sometimes called “remote work,” while arrangements that allow for both remote and in-office work are often interchangeably labeled “hybrid” or “flexible” arrangements. That’s the number of Americans who reported having the opportunity to work from home at least one day a week. The most striking figure to emerge from this research is 58 percent. McKinsey worked alongside the market-research firm Ipsos to query 25,000 Americans in spring 2022 (see sidebar, “About the survey”). The third edition of McKinsey’s American Opportunity Survey provides us with data on how flexible work fits into the lives of a representative cross section of workers in the United States. People with lower incomes, less education, people living in rural areas, or people aged 65 and older are underrepresented among internet users and those with high-speed internet access. It is possible that biases were introduced because of undercoverage or nonresponse. Given the limitations of online surveys, 1 To better reflect the population of the United States as a whole, post hoc weights were made to the population characteristics on gender, age, race/ethnicity, education, region, and metropolitan status. A sample of 25,062 adults aged 18 and older from the continental United States, Alaska, and Hawaii was interviewed online in English and Spanish. This article is based on a 25-minute, online-only Ipsos poll conducted on behalf of McKinsey between March 15 and April 18, 2022.
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